Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass.
Physical properties: properties that can be observed and
measured without changing the chemical makeup of the substance.
Density: the mass of material within a given
volume. Water: 1g/mL, 1g/cm^3.
Freezing/melting point (of water): 0°C or 32°F.
Boiling point (of water): 100°C or 212°F.
Aqueous solution: water-based solution.
Surface tension: shows the strong intermolecular force that
holds water molecules together.
Mixture: when two or more substances combine and
the substances retain their individual properties. The components of a mixture
can be separated by physical means, such as filtration and adsorption.
Heterogeneous mixture: composition is not the same, or uniform,
throughout. (Not evenly distributed).
Suspension: solid particles are large enough to settle
out or can be separated by using filtration.
Tyndall Effect: the scattering of light that indicates that
small, solid particles are still in the water.
Collid: the small, solid particles that remain still in the water. Make liquid
cloudy.
Homogeneous mixture: a mixture that is uniform throughout.
(Evenly distributed).
Solutions: homogeneous mixtures. (Such as salt
solution)
Solute: salt in a salt solution.
Solvent: water in a salt solution; dissolving agent.
Particulate level: the level of atoms and molecules.
Atoms: building blocks of matter. All matter is
made of atoms.
Element: matter that is made up of only one kind of
atom.
Compound: a substance that is composed of the atoms
of two or more elements linked together chemically in certain fixed
proportions.
Chemical formulas: represent compounds.
Substance: all elements and compounds. Has a uniform
and definite composition, as well as distinct properties.
Molecule: the smallest unit of a molecular compound
that retains the properties of that substance (smallest representation of the
substance) ex: H2O molecule represents water.
Chemical bonds: hold atoms of molecules together.
Molecular compound: such as H2O
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